Implicit Bias in Early Childhood

Why do we need to talk about implicit bias in early childhood?

Because it exists.  Racial disparities in suspensions and interactions with young children are present in early childhood environments.

In 2016, researchers from Yale University used eye-tracking technology and conducted a test with two different tasks.  During the test participants watched a video and indicated if they saw a potential behavior problem – the video, however, did not contain any challenging behaviors.  The eye-tracking software monitored the eye gazes (who they were looking at) of the participants.

Which students are the teachers watching?

Black boys – 42%

White boys – 34%

White girls – 13%

Black girls – 10%

Chart of the percentages.

When expecting challenging behaviors, preschool teachers were more likely to closely observe blacks than whites, especially black boys.

You may be thinking, “but I don’t show a bias towards children.”  It is important to remember that implicit bias refers to something that is unconscious.  Even the most seasoned and well-meaning teacher will have an implicit bias that affects the classroom and interactions with children.

What are some ways you might see an implicit bias in early childhood?

  • Without knowing the gender of the teacher, or when talking about teachers in general, teachers are referred to as she.
  • Dramatic play materials are primarily feminine – dresses, pink and purple colors, etc.
  • Art center has coloring books that are only of Disney princesses.
  • Pictures displayed around room show boys and girls only in stereotypical roles.
  • Pictures do not show diversity in races or disabilities.
  • Girls are referred to as “cute” and boys “strong”.
  • Blue and pink color coding is used to identify boy or girl.
  • When suggesting centers to play in girls are offered art or dramatic play and boys are offered blocks and science.

References:

Barnum, Matt.  (2016, October 5). The Yale Study on Pre-K Teachers and Bias Didn’t Find What You Think It Found. The 74. https://www.the74million.org/article/the-yale-study-on-pre-k-teachers-and-bias-didnt-find-what-you-think-it-found/

Brazelton Touchpoints Center. (2021, March 18). Disrupting Implicit Bias in Early Childhood Programs [Video].  YouTube. https://youtu.be/7VuytIxlA1s 

Williams, Sherri B. (2017). Understanding Implicit Bias and Its Effects on Early Childhood Settings. Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute. https://fpg.unc.edu/publications/understanding-implicit-bias-and-its-effects-early-childhood-settings

W.K. Kellogg Foundation.  (2019, March 31). Implicit Bias Makes its Way into the Classroom. Every Child Thrives. https://everychildthrives.com/implicit-bias-makes-its-way-into-the-classroom/